Personal Letter

Hello friend's I'm Mega Oktavia S.P. Number 18, from 11 IPS 3' SHS 1 Purwosari. 

Ekonomi -Manajemen dan Tujuan Hidup-

Manajemen 

1. Pengertian Manajemen

     Manajemen adalah suatu seni dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan melalui orang lain. Atau secara umumnya adalah proses merencanakan, mengorganisasi, mengarahkan, dan mengendalikan suatu kegiatan dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi secara efektif dan efisien untuk menggunakan sumber daya organisasi.

2. Definisi Manajemen Menurut Para Ahli

     Ada beberapa tokoh yang mengemukakan definisi manajemen menurut mereka, seperti :

​• Mary Parker Follet, manajemen adalah sebuah seni dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan melalui orang lain. 

​​• Henry Fayol, manajemen adalah ilmu yang memiliki gagasan atau 5 ide fungsi utama yakni merancang, memerintah, mengorganisir, mengendalikan dan mengkoordinasi.

• ​George R. Terry, manajemen adalah proses yang khas terdiri dalam suatu tindakan-tindakan: perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggerakan, dan pengawasan yang dapat dilakukan dalam menentukan serta mencapai sasaran-sasaran yang telah ditetapkan melalui pemanfaatan sumber daya manusia juga pada sumber-sumber lain.

3. Fungsi Manajemen

​1) Perencanaan (planning) adalah memikirkan sesuatu apa yang akan dikerjakan dengan pemikiran yang dimiliki. Perencanaan dilaksanakan dalam menentukan suatu tujuan perusahaan secara keseluruhan dan cara terbaik dalam memenuhi tujuan itu. Jadi, sebelum memulai kegiatan harus diatur  perencanaan sedemikian rupa untuk meminimalisir kegagalan dalam kegiatan tersebut. 

​2) Pengorganisasian (organizing) dilakukan pada suatu tujuan dan membagi sebuah kegiatan besar menjadi lebih kecil. Jadi, pengorganisasian tersebut bisa menghemat waktu agar semakin efisien.

​Pengarahan (directing) adalah proses tindakan dalam mengusahakan semua anggota kelompok yang akan mencapai suatu sasaran sesuai pada perencanaan manajerial dan usaha. Jadi, pengarahan sangat penting agar semua anggota kelompok memahami dan dapat sesuai dengan sasaran perencanaan awal.

3) ​Penempatan (Staffing) hampir sama dengan pengorganisasian tetapi dalam staffing lebih luas. Jika organizing khusus pada manajemen SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia). Sedangkan dalam penempatan tertuju pada sumber daya secara umum. Jadi, penempatan ini lebih tertuju kepada alat, seperti mesin A untuk kelompok pekerja A.

4) ​Mengkoordinasi (Coordinating) adalah suatu fungsi yang tujuannya demi meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas kinerja perusahaan, membuat tempat kerja menjadi sehat, nyaman, dinamis, dan lain-lain. Jadi, seorang manajer mengatur jalan nya pekerjaan yang dilakukan bawahannya agar lebih efisien. 

5) ​Mengontrol (Controlling) adalah fungsi terakhir pada manajemen. Jadi, terdapat seperti kebijakan baru dan pengevaluasian mengenai tahapan awal hingga akhir. 

4. Tujuan Manajemen

• Melaksanakan dan mengevaluasi strategi yang akan dipilih secara efektif dan efisien agar mencapai pada suatu tujuan.

• Mengevaluasi kinerja, meninjau, dan mengkaji situasi kemudian melakukan penyesuaian dan koreksi jika ada sesuatu penyimpangan pada suatu pelaksanaan strategi.

• Dapat memperbaharui strategi yang dirumuskan untuk sesuai pada perkembangan lingkungan eksternal.

• Dapat meninjau kembali kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman pada peluang yang ada.

• Dapat melakukan inovasi atas kegiatan sehingga dapat lebih teratur.

5. Unsur Manajemen

     Terdapat 6 unsur yang sangatlah penting, yaitu :

• Man (manusia) 

Manusia berperan sangat penting baik dalam kegiatan industri maupun ekonomi.

• Money (uang) 

Uang berpengaruh dalam penyediaan modal dan biaya usaha dan aktivitas suatu perusahaan.

• Matherials (bahan) 

Bahan-bahan sangat dibutuhkan dalam memulai suatu usaha dan harus dikelola sebaik mungkin. 

• Machines (mesin) 

Teknologi dan mesin sebagai penunjang utama untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan produktivitas suatu usaha.

• Methods (metode) 

Langkah-langkah sangatlah diperlukan untuk menyusun suatu kegiatan usaha agar berjalan sesuai keinginan dan lebih efisien. 

• Market (pasar) 

Market juga digunakan sebagai unsur manajemen, karena sebuah perusahaan pasti akan mengikuti tren market untuk bisa mendapatkan keuntungan/laba yang lebih banyak. 

Tujuan Hidup dimulai dari Diri Kita Sendiri

    Tujuan hidup yaitu arah kehidupan kita atau segala sesuatu yang kita rencanakan untuk memulai kehidupan kita agar menjadi lebih baik dan menjadi lebih bahagia.

     Setiap tujuan yang kita buat tidak boleh hanya menjadi angan atau ekspetasi saja. Tetapi harus kita wujudkan menjadi suatu realitas di kehidupan nyata. Kita harus berani bermimpi dan mewujudkan mimpi kita tersebut di dalam kehidupan ini. 

     Dalam meraih tujuan hidup, kita harus berpedoman kepada hal positif seperti agama. Dan kita harus bekerja keras untuk mencapai tujuan hidup tersebut. Karena tidak ada usaha yang sia-sia karena hasil tidak akan berkhianat oleh proses yang telah dilakukan. Karena semakin besar usaha yang dilakukan maka semakin banyak hasil yang didapatkan. 

      

Songs For Grade 10

Now you find two song lyric of your favorite songs!

 Answer the following questions!

 1. What is the title of those songs?

     • Dance Monkey

     • The Nights 

 2. Who is the singer?

     • Dance Monkey -Tones and I-

     • The Nights -Avicii- (Chlara Cover)

 3. Write the parts of the song lyric as the above example!

     

Dance Monkey ( Acoustic Cover by AVIWKILA)

They say, "Oh my God, I see the way you shine 

Take your hands, my dear, and place them both in mine" 

You know you stopped me dead while I was passing by 

And now I beg to see you dance just one more time 

[Pre-Chorus] 

Ooh, I see you, see you, see you every time 

And oh my, I, I like your style 

You, you make me, make me, make me wanna cry 

And now I beg to see you dance just one more time 

[Chorus] 

So they say

Dance for me, dance for me, dance for me, oh-oh-oh 

I've never seen anybody do the things you do before 

They say 

Move for me, move for me, move for me, ayy-ayy-ayy 

And when you’re done, I'll make you do it all again 

[Verse 2] 

I said, "Oh my God, I see you walking by 

Take my hands, my dear, and look me in my eyes"

Just like a monkey, I've been dancin’ my whole life 

But you just beg to see me dance just one more time 

[Pre-Chorus] 

Ooh, I see you, see you, see you every time

And oh my, I, I like your style 

You, you make me, make me, make me wanna cry 

And now I beg to see you dance just one more time 

[Chorus] 

So they say 

Dance for me, dance for me, dance for me, oh-oh-oh 

I've never seen anybody do the things you do before 

They say 

Move for me, move for me, move for me, ayy-ayy-ayy 

And when you're done, I'll make you do it all again

They say 

Dance for me, dance for me, dance for me, oh-oh-oh, oh-oh, oh-oh 

I've never seen anybody do the things you do before

They say 

Move for me, move for me, move for me, ayy-ayy-ayy 

And when you're done, I'll make you do it all again 

[Bridge] 

Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh 

(Do it all again, do it all again, do it all again) 

Oh-oh, oh-oh, oh 

Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh-ooh 

(Do it all again, do it all again, do it all again) 

Ooh, ah-ah, ah-ah 

[Chorus] 

They say

Dance for me, dance for me, dance for me, oh-oh-oh 

I've never seen anybody do the things you do before 

They say 

Move for me, move for me, move for me, ayy-ayy-ayy 

And when you’re done, I’ll make you do it all again 

They say 

Dance for me, dance for me, dance for me, oh-oh-oh, oh-oh, oh-oh 

I've never seen anybody do the things you do before 

They say 

Move for me, move for me, move for me, ayy-ayy-ayy 

And when you’re done, I'll make you do it all again

All again 

The Nights (Chlara)

[Pre-chorus as Intro]

He said one day, you'll leave this world behind

So live a life, you will remember

My father told me, when I was just a child

These are the nights, that never die

[Verse]

Once upon a younger year

When all our shadows disappeared

The animals inside came out to play

When face to face with all our fears

Learned our lessons through the tears

Made memories we knew would never fade

[Chorus]

One day my father he told me,

Son, don't-let-it slip away

He took me in his arms, I heard him say,

When you get older

Your wild life will live for younger days

Think of me if ever you're afraid.

[Pre-chorus]

He said, one day you'll leave this world behind

So live a life you will remember

My father told me when I was just a child

These are the nights that never die, my father told me   

                     These are the nights..

[Verse]

When thunder clouds start pouring down

Light a fire they can't put out

Carve their name into those shinning stars

He said, go adventure far beyond these shores

Don't forsake this life of yours

I'll guide you home no matter where you are.

[Chorus]

One day my father—he told me,

Son, don't let it slip away

When I was just a kid, I heard him say,

When you get older

Your wild life will live for younger days

Think of me if ever you're afraid

[Pre-chorus as Bridgey thing]

He said, One day you'll leave this world behind

So live a life you will remember

My father told me when I was just a child

These are the nights that never die, my father told me   

               ..my father told me   

These are the nights..

These are the nights..

These are the nights that never die

[Pre-chorus as Outro]

He said one day, you'll leave this world behind

So live a life, you will remember.

My father told me, when I was just a child

These are the nights, that never die

 4. Why do you like those songs?

     • I like "Dance Monkey" Song because the song tells about the experience of the song writer and I like the music that is very cool especially if it's covered acoustically.

      • I like "The Nights" Song because the song is very touching and the tone makes me calm if I listen to it especially the acoustic version.

 5. What do the songs tell about?

• "Dance Monkey" is a song created by Australian singer Toni Watson (Tones and I). In her interview with Billboard, the beautiful woman said that the making of this song was inspired by the bitter experience of her life, we know that Toni, being a street busker for more than 8 years, and all that made her very frustrated. "I'd been busking for seven or eight hours, and I had done six encores. So many people get inspired in the moment and just make up the bullshit to try to give you hope. "

The song "Dance Monkey" simply refers to Toni's personal experience as a busker, comparing himself to a trained monkey, whose existence is purely for entertaining. Yep, that's the historical fact of the song, if we see buskers on the streets, sometimes someone likens them to the taubah like a monkey mask that entertains people on the streets.

• The song "The Nights" by Avicii means that we must not waste our lives with fear, anxiety and many things that make us easily give up and despair.

 6. What kind of are they?

• Dance Monkey : Pop Electro

• The Nights : EDM,progressive house,electro house.

 

Narrative Text

 Jaka Tarub

 Jaka Tarub became a very handsome, handsome and kind-hearted young man. He also has supernatural powers. Every day, he always helps his mother in the fields. Because it has a very handsome face many beautiful girls who want to be his wife. However, he did not want to get married.

In ancient times, in a village lived a widow named Mbok Randa. She lives alone because her husband passed away a long time ago. One day, he raised a boy to be his son. His adopted son was named Jaka Tarub. Jaka Tarub grew up growing up.

Every day his mother told Jaka Tarub to get married. However, again he refused his mother's request. One day Mbok Randa fell ill and breathed her last. Jaka Tarub was very sad.

 Since the death of Mbok Randha, Jaka Tarub has often daydreamed. Now the fields are abandoned.
 I worked in vain. For whom? Jaka Tarub murmured.
One night, Jaka Tarub dreamed of eating Deer Meat. When he awoke from his sleep, he immediately went to the forest. From morning till noon he walked. However, he did not find a deer at all. Never mind the deer, Mouse Deer also does not exist.

Because Jaka Tarub felt captivated by the seven angels, he finally took one of his shawls. Afterwards the angels took a bath, they got dressed up and got ready to return to heaven.

They returned to wearing their own shawls. But one of the angels found no shawls. His six siblings helped find, but until dusk they were not found either. Because it was already dusk, Nawangwulan was left alone. His brothers returned to Khayangan. He felt very sad.

The presence of nawang wulan made jaka tarub excited again but because of the kindness of nawang wulan the jaka tarub felt sorry and guilty because he stole the nawang mulan shawl after jaka tarub thought long ago jaka tarub decided to return the nawang mulan shawl after finding the right time finally jaka tarub was honest with him nawang mulan and apologized to him. hearing that nawang mulan was shocked and disappointed at jaka tarub but saw jaka tarub's sincerity nawang mulan was willing to forgive him. the next day nawang mulan returned to heaven and left jaka tarub alone. and dismissed the story with nawang mulan just as a beautiful dream he had gone through. jaka tarub now lives with his true love and is happy forever.

Not long after Jaka Tarub came over and pretended to help the Angel. At the invitation of the angel who turned out to be named Nawang Wulan returned to her home. The presence of Nawang Wulan made Jaka Tarub be excited again.

Recount Text Visit The School Museum

Recount Text

        Since two weeks ago, all schools in Indonesia have been temporarily closed due to the outbreak of the corona virus in a number of countries including Indonesia. This is done to prevent corona virus transmission. 

        Corona virus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that attacks the respiratory system. This disease caused by a viral infection is called COVID-19. Corona virus can cause disorders of the respiratory system, acute pneumonia, until death. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), better known as the Corona virus, is a new type of coronavirus that is transmitted to humans. This virus can affect anyone, both infants, children, adults, the elderly, pregnant women, and nursing mothers. Therefore, schools are temporarily closed and the implementation of social distancing is also applied to prevent the spread of the corona virus.

        During the application of social distancing, I do many things in the house. I do school work, worship, light exercise, try new things, help with homework, and much more. My feeling during social distancing is that there is joy and sorrow. Feeling like being able to gather with family and try new things that I have never done before. Feelings of grief when I could not go to school and meet my friends, do activities outside the home, practice basketball, and much more, and indoors just bore me. But that was all I did to support the government program and also prevent the transmission of the corona virus.

        To prevent transmission of the corona virus, we all must always maintain cleanliness and also avoid factors that can cause us to be infected with the corona virus, namely :

• Avoid traveling to public places that are crowded with visitors (social distancing).

• Use a mask when on the move in public places or crowds.

• Routinely wash hands with soap and water or hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol after doing activities outside the home or in public places.

• Do not touch the eyes, mouth and nose before washing hands.

• Avoid contact with animals, especially wild animals. In case of contact with animals, wash your hands afterwards.

• Cook the meat until it is completely cooked before consumption.

• Cover mouth and nose with tissue when coughing or sneezing, then throw the tissue in the trash.

• Avoid being close to people who are sick with a fever, cough, or runny nose.

• Keep clean objects that are often touched and environmental clean.

        Therefore, we all must follow government policies for the implementation of social distancing and also always maintain hygiene and health. Keep health and safety, all!!! 

Tugas Ekonomi

BUMN & BUMD

A. BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA

1. PENGERTIAN BUMN

BUMN adalah Badan Usaha Milik Negara, yang selanjutnya disebut BUMN, adalah badan usaha yang seluruh atau sebagian besar modalnya dimiliki oleh negara melalui penyertaan secara langsung yang berasal dari kekayaan negara yang dipisahkan.

2. CIRI CIRI

Saham Bisa Dimiliki Masyarakat

Produknya Dibutuhkan Masyarakat

Segala Risiko Ditanggung Pemerintah

Kekuasaan Penuh di Tangan Pemerintah

Sumber Pemasukan Negara

3. JENIS-JENIS BUMN

Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 19 Tahun 2003 tentang BUMN, Badan Usaha Milik Negara terdiri dari dua bentuk, yaitu badan usaha perseroan (persero) dan badan usaha umum (perum).

1. Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero)

Contoh :

PT Kimia Farma Tbk

PT Kereta Api Indonesia

PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk

PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk

PT Bank Mandiri Tbk

PT Perusahaan Gas Negara tbk

PT Jamsostek

PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk

PT Perusahaan Pembangunan Tbk

PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk

PT Tambang Timah Tbk.

2. Perusahaan Umum (Perum)

Contoh :

Perum Damri

Perum Bulog

Perum Pegadaian

Perum Percetakan Uang Republik Indonesia (Peruri)

Perum Balai Pustaka

Perum Jasatirta

Perum Antara

Perum Peruri

Perum Perumnas

4. PERANAN BUMN

Sebagai penyedia barang ekonomis dan jasa yang tidak disedikan oleh swasta

Merupakan alat pemerintah dalam menata kebijakan perekonomian

Sebagai pengelola dari cabang-cabang produksi sumber daya alam untuk masyarakat banyak

Sebagai penyedia layanan dalam kebutuhan masyarakat

Sebagai penghasil barang dan jasa demi pemenuhan orang banyak

Sebagai pelopor terhadap sektor-sektor usaha yang belum diminati oleh pihak swasta,

Pembuka lapangan kerja

Penghasil devisa negara

Pembantu dalam pengembangan usaha kecil koperasi,

Pendorong dalam aktivitas masyarakat terhadap diberbagai lapangan usaha.

 B. BADAN USAHA MILIK DAERAH

1. PENGERTIAN BUMD

BUMD  (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah) merupakan badan usaha yang dikelola, dibina dan diawasi oleh pemerintah daerah. Sebagian besar bahkan secara keseluruhan modalnya berasal dari negara, yang diambil dari pendapatan masing-masing daerah.

2. CIRI CIRI

Pemerintah daerah memegang hak atas segala kekayaan dan usaha

Pemerintah daerah berkedudukan sebagai pemegang saham dalam pemodalan perusahaan

Pemerintah daerah memiliki wewenang dan kekuasaan dalam menetapkan kebijakan perusahaan

Didirikan peraturan daerah (perda).

Dipimpin oleh direksi yang diangkat dan diberhentikan oleh kepala daerah atas pertimbangan DPRD.

Masa jabatan direksi selama empat tahun.

Bertujuan memupuk pendapatan asli daerah guna membiayai pembangunan daerah.

pemerintahan daerah yang mengatur semua aktivitas yang dilakukan BUMD.

3. JENIS JENIS

Pada Bidang Transportasi Umum (contohnya bus kota)

Pada Bidang Pengelolaan Pasar ( Contohnya Perusahaan Daerah Rumah Potong Hewan atau PDRPH)

Pada Bidang Jasa Perbankan (Contohnya Bank Daerah)

Pada Bidang Penyediaan Air Bersih (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum atau PDAM)

4. PERANAN BUMD

Memberikan sumbangsih pada perekonomian nasional dan penerimaan kas negara

Mengejar dan mencari keuntungan

Pemenuhan hajat hidup orang banyak

Perintis kegiatan-kegiatan usaha

Memberikan bantuan dan perlindungan pada usaha kecil dan lemah.

5. CONTOH BUMD

Perusahaan Daerah Rumah Potong Hewan (PDRPH)Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD)

Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM)

Perusahaan Daerah Angkutan Kota (bus kota)

Perusahaan Daerah Angkutan Antarkota (bus AKDP dan AKAP), digunakan dari bulan Oktober 1991 (UU No. 22 tahun 1991) sampai akhir 1999/awal 2000, diubah status menjadi PO (Perusahaan otobus) pada awal tahun 2000, sesuai Pasal 5 ayat 3 UU No. 58 tahun 2000.